RT Journal
A1 Roberts RO, Geda YE, Knopman DS, et al
T1 Cardiac disease associated with increased risk of nonamnestic cognitive impairment: Stronger effect on women
JF JAMA Neurology
JO JAMA Neurology
YR 2013
FD March 1
VO 70
IS 3
SP 374
OP 382
DO 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.607
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.607
AB Objective 
                  To investigate the association of cardiac disease with amnestic and nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI and naMCI, respectively). Nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment, a putative precursor of vascular and other non-Alzheimer dementias, is hypothesized to have a vascular etiology.Design 
                  A prospective, population-based, cohort study with a median 4.0 years of follow-up.Setting 
                  Olmsted County, Minnesota.Participants 
                  A total of 2719 participants were evaluated at baseline and every 15 months using the Clinical Dementia Rating scale, a neurological evaluation, and neuropsychological testing. A diagnosis of normal cognition, MCI, or dementia was made by consensus. Cardiac disease at baseline was assessed from the participant's medical records.Main Outcome Measures 
                  Incident MCI, aMCI, or naMCI.Results 
                  Of 1450 participants without MCI or dementia at baseline, 366 developed MCI. Cardiac disease was associated with an increased risk of naMCI (hazard ratio, 1.77 [95% CI, 1.16-2.72]). However, the association varied by sex (P = .02 for interaction). Cardiac disease was associated with an increased risk of naMCI (hazard ratio, 3.07 [95% CI, 1.58-5.99]) for women but not for men (hazard ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 0.68-1.99]). Cardiac disease was not associated with any type of MCI or with aMCI.Conclusions 
                  Cardiac disease is an independent risk factor for naMCI; within-sex comparisons showed a stronger association for women. Prevention and management of cardiac disease and vascular risk factors may reduce the risk of naMCI.