To the Editor. —In the February 1986 issue of the Archives, Stone et al1 convincingly documented a case of hypothalamic infarction caused by a Horner's syndrome that disrupted the preganglionic sympathetic pathway of the first-order neuron. They pointed out the importance of detecting a preganglionic lesion as a cause of Horner's syndrome (in contrast to the more common postganglionic lesion).To exclude postganglionic sympathetic pathway disruption, the authors used a direct-acting adrenergic agent (epinephrine hydrochloride diluted 1:1000) to test for denervation hypersensitivity of the iris sphincter muscle. This method of testing for postganglionic Horner's syndrome may result in inconclusive responses, as it is dependent on precise and equal doses reaching the iris sphincter.2 Thus it is affected by disruption of the corneal epithelial barrier3 (as may occur after testing corneal sensation and/or intraocular pressure, or from corneal exposure in patients having seventh cranial nerve palsy or decreased
Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature
Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal
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