0
Article |

Multiple Sclerosis and Depression

Ziad Kronfol, MD
Arch Neurol. 1985;42(4):310-310. doi:10.1001/archneur.1985.04060040016004
Text Size: A A A
Published online

To the Editor.  —I read with interest but no surprise the report by Schiffer and Babigian1 of an association between multiple sclerosis (MS) and depression. The authors mention as possible links between the two conditions areas of demyelination within the limbic system, shared genetic vulnerabilities, and selective alterations of monoamine metabolism within the central nervous system. Since depression is also associated with immunerelated disorders such as cancer, infection, and allergy, the possibility of an immunologic factor in the etiology of depression has been raised.2 There is now more direct evidence of immune dysfunction both in MS3 and depression.4 It is therefore possible that, in addition to the factors noted by the authors, immunologic abnormalities may also be involved in both conditions. One such factor may be the ratio of helper/suppressor T lymphocytes, which has been reported to be increased in certain patients with active MS3

REFERENCES

Schiffer R, Babigian H:  Behavioral disorders in multiple sclerosis, temporal lobe epilepsy, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: An epidemiologic study . Arch Neurol 1984;;41:1067-1069.
Kronfol Z: Depression and immune disease. Psychiatr Med, in press.
Reinherz E, Weiner H, Hauser S, et al:  Loss of suppressor T cells in active multiple sclerosis: Analysis with monoclonal antibodies . N Engl J Med 1980;;303:125-129.
Kronfol Z, Silva J, Greden J, et al:  Impaired lymphocyte function in depressive illness . Life Sci 1983;;33:241-247.
Kronfol Z, House JD:  Depression, cortisol and immune function . Lancet 1984;;1:1026-1027.

First Page Preview

First page PDF preview

Figures

Tables

Interactive Graphics

Video

Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

Schiffer R, Babigian H:  Behavioral disorders in multiple sclerosis, temporal lobe epilepsy, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: An epidemiologic study . Arch Neurol 1984;;41:1067-1069.
Kronfol Z: Depression and immune disease. Psychiatr Med, in press.
Reinherz E, Weiner H, Hauser S, et al:  Loss of suppressor T cells in active multiple sclerosis: Analysis with monoclonal antibodies . N Engl J Med 1980;;303:125-129.
Kronfol Z, Silva J, Greden J, et al:  Impaired lymphocyte function in depressive illness . Life Sci 1983;;33:241-247.
Kronfol Z, House JD:  Depression, cortisol and immune function . Lancet 1984;;1:1026-1027.

Correspondence

CME Course for:


You need to register in order to view this quiz.


To understand the clinical management of acute heart failure syndromes.
Accreditation Information The American Medical Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.
The AMA designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM per course. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Physicians who complete the CME course and score at least 80% correct on the quiz are eligible for AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM.
Note: You must get at least of the answers correct to pass this quiz.
Note: You must get at least of the answers correct to pass this quiz.
You have not filled in all the answers to complete this quiz
The following questions were not answered:
Sorry, you have unsuccessfully completed this CME quiz with a score of
The following questions were not answered correctly:
For CME Course: A Proposed Model for Initial Assessment and Management of Acute Heart Failure Syndromes
Indicate what changes(s) you will implement in your practice, if any, based on this CME course.
To view and print your certificate and access a summary of your CME courses go to My CME.
NOTE:
Citing articles are presented as examples only. In non-demo SCM6 implementation, integration with CrossRef’s “Cited By” API will populate this tab (http://www.crossref.org/citedby.html).
Submit a Comment

Some tools below are only available to our subscribers or users with an online account.

Related Content

Customize your page view by dragging & repositioning the boxes below.