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January 1984, Vol 41, No. 1 >
Article | January 1984

Transient Oculomotor Synkinesis in Temporal Arteritis

Patrick A. Sibony, MD; Simmons Lessell, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Accepted for publication April 30, 1983.

Reprint requests to Department of Neurology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Health Sciences Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794 (Dr Sibony).


Arch Neurol. 1984;41(1):87-88. doi:10.1001/archneur.1984.04050130093032
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• In a patient with temporal arteritis, ophthalmoplegia developed associated with a transient oculomotor synkinesis or aberrant regeneration. The synkinesis suggests that the ophthalmoplegia was neurogenic rather than myogenic. Based on published experiments, it appears that transient synkinesis is compatible with the hypothesis that aberrant regeneration of axons in the third nerve is the cause of oculomotor synkinesis.

REFERENCES

1 +
Wagener HP, Hollenhorst RW:  The ocular lesions of temporal arteritis . Am J Ophthalmol 1958;;45:617-630.
2 +
Fisher CM:  Ocular palsy in temporal arteritis . Minn Med 1959;;42:1258-1268.
3 +
Dimant J, Grob D, Brunner NG:  Ophthalmoplegia, ptosis and miosis in temporal arteritis . Neurology 1980;;30:1054-1058.
4 +
Barricks MR, Travisa DB, Glaser JS, et al:  Ophthalmoplegia in cranial arteritis . Brain 1977;;100:209-221.
5 +
Bernard H, Rambert P, Pestel M:  Arterite temporale et complications oculaire . Bull Mem Soc Med Paris 1951;;65:1271-1274.
6 +
Stein R, Regenbogen L, Romano A, et al:  Orbital apex syndrome due to cranial arteritis . Ann Ophthalmol 1980;;12:708-713.
7 +
Zion VM, Goodsie V:  Anterior segment ischemia with ischemic optic neruopathy . Surv Ophthalmol 1974;;19:19-30.
8 +
Manschot WA:  A fatal case of temporal arteritis with ocular symptoms . Ophthalmologica 1965;;149:121-130.
9 +
Kendall D:  Some complications of temporal arteritis . Br Med J 1953;;2:418-420.
10 +
Meadows SP:  Temporal arteritis and loss of vision . Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1954;;74:13-24.
11 +
Wilkinson IMS, Russell RWR:  Arteries of the head and neck in giant cell arteritis . Arch Neurol 1972;;27:378-391.
12 +
Walsh FB:  Third-nerve regeneration: A clinical evaluation . Br J Ophthalmol 1957;;41:577-598.
13 +
Bielchowsky A:  Lectures on motor anomalies of the eyes: II. Paralysis of individual eye muscles . Arch Ophthalmol 1935;;13:33-59.
14 +
Schatz NJ, Savino PJ, Corbett JC:  Primary aberrant oculomotor regeneration: A sign of intracavernous meningioma . Arch Neurol 1977;; 34:29-32.
15 +
Boghen D, Chartrand JP, LaFlamme P, et al:  Primary aberrant third-nerve regeneration . Ann Neurol 1979;;6:415-418.
16 +
Ramon Y, Cajal S: Degeneration and Regeneration of the Nervous System , May RM (trans). Oxford, England, Oxford University Press, 1928;.
17 +
Levin PM:  Intracranial aneurysms . Arch Neurol Psychiatry 1952;;67:771-786.
18 +
Lyle DJ:  Experimental oculomotor nerve regeneration . Am J Ophthalmol 1966;;61:1239-1243.
19 +
Lepore FE, Glaser JS:  Misdirection revisited: A critical appraisal of acquired oculomotor nerve synkinesis . Arch Ophthalmol 1980;;98:2206-2209.
20 +
Wartenberg R:  Associated movements in the oculomotor and facial muscles . Arch Neurol Psychiatry 1946;;55:439-488.
21 +
Ferguson JH:  Hemifacial spasm and the facial nucleus . Ann Neurol 1978;;4:97-103.
22 +
Loewenfeld IE, Thompson HS:  Oculomotor paresis with cyclic spasms: A critical review of the literature and a new case . Surv Ophthalmol 1975;;20:81-124.
23 +
Gardner WJ, Sava GA:  Hemifacial spasm: A reversible pathophysiologic state . J Neurosurg 1962;;19:240-247.
24 +
Mark RF, Marotte LR:  The mechanisms of selective reinnervation of fish eye muscles: III. Functional electro-physiological and anatomical analysis of recovery from section of the third and fourth nerves . Brain Res 1972;;42:131-148.
25 +
Marotte LR, Mark RF:  The mechanisms of selective reinnervation of fish eye muscle: I. Evidence from muscle function during recovery . Brain Res 1970;;19:41-51.
26 +
Mark RF, Marotte LR, Mart PE:  The mechanisms of selective reinnervation of fish eye muscles: IV. Identification of repressed synapses . Brain Res 1972;;46:149-157.
27 +
Kuffler D, Thompson W, Jansen JKS:  The elimination of synapses in multiply innervated rat muscle fibers of the rat: Dependence on distance between end plates . Brain Res 1977;; 138:353-358.
28 +
Selzer ME:  Regeneration of peripheral nerve , in Sumner AJ (ed): Physiology of Peripheral Nerve Disease . Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1980;, chap 12.

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1 +
Wagener HP, Hollenhorst RW:  The ocular lesions of temporal arteritis . Am J Ophthalmol 1958;;45:617-630.
2 +
Fisher CM:  Ocular palsy in temporal arteritis . Minn Med 1959;;42:1258-1268.
3 +
Dimant J, Grob D, Brunner NG:  Ophthalmoplegia, ptosis and miosis in temporal arteritis . Neurology 1980;;30:1054-1058.
4 +
Barricks MR, Travisa DB, Glaser JS, et al:  Ophthalmoplegia in cranial arteritis . Brain 1977;;100:209-221.
5 +
Bernard H, Rambert P, Pestel M:  Arterite temporale et complications oculaire . Bull Mem Soc Med Paris 1951;;65:1271-1274.
6 +
Stein R, Regenbogen L, Romano A, et al:  Orbital apex syndrome due to cranial arteritis . Ann Ophthalmol 1980;;12:708-713.
7 +
Zion VM, Goodsie V:  Anterior segment ischemia with ischemic optic neruopathy . Surv Ophthalmol 1974;;19:19-30.
8 +
Manschot WA:  A fatal case of temporal arteritis with ocular symptoms . Ophthalmologica 1965;;149:121-130.
9 +
Kendall D:  Some complications of temporal arteritis . Br Med J 1953;;2:418-420.
10 +
Meadows SP:  Temporal arteritis and loss of vision . Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1954;;74:13-24.
11 +
Wilkinson IMS, Russell RWR:  Arteries of the head and neck in giant cell arteritis . Arch Neurol 1972;;27:378-391.
12 +
Walsh FB:  Third-nerve regeneration: A clinical evaluation . Br J Ophthalmol 1957;;41:577-598.
13 +
Bielchowsky A:  Lectures on motor anomalies of the eyes: II. Paralysis of individual eye muscles . Arch Ophthalmol 1935;;13:33-59.
14 +
Schatz NJ, Savino PJ, Corbett JC:  Primary aberrant oculomotor regeneration: A sign of intracavernous meningioma . Arch Neurol 1977;; 34:29-32.
15 +
Boghen D, Chartrand JP, LaFlamme P, et al:  Primary aberrant third-nerve regeneration . Ann Neurol 1979;;6:415-418.
16 +
Ramon Y, Cajal S: Degeneration and Regeneration of the Nervous System , May RM (trans). Oxford, England, Oxford University Press, 1928;.
17 +
Levin PM:  Intracranial aneurysms . Arch Neurol Psychiatry 1952;;67:771-786.
18 +
Lyle DJ:  Experimental oculomotor nerve regeneration . Am J Ophthalmol 1966;;61:1239-1243.
19 +
Lepore FE, Glaser JS:  Misdirection revisited: A critical appraisal of acquired oculomotor nerve synkinesis . Arch Ophthalmol 1980;;98:2206-2209.
20 +
Wartenberg R:  Associated movements in the oculomotor and facial muscles . Arch Neurol Psychiatry 1946;;55:439-488.
21 +
Ferguson JH:  Hemifacial spasm and the facial nucleus . Ann Neurol 1978;;4:97-103.
22 +
Loewenfeld IE, Thompson HS:  Oculomotor paresis with cyclic spasms: A critical review of the literature and a new case . Surv Ophthalmol 1975;;20:81-124.
23 +
Gardner WJ, Sava GA:  Hemifacial spasm: A reversible pathophysiologic state . J Neurosurg 1962;;19:240-247.
24 +
Mark RF, Marotte LR:  The mechanisms of selective reinnervation of fish eye muscles: III. Functional electro-physiological and anatomical analysis of recovery from section of the third and fourth nerves . Brain Res 1972;;42:131-148.
25 +
Marotte LR, Mark RF:  The mechanisms of selective reinnervation of fish eye muscle: I. Evidence from muscle function during recovery . Brain Res 1970;;19:41-51.
26 +
Mark RF, Marotte LR, Mart PE:  The mechanisms of selective reinnervation of fish eye muscles: IV. Identification of repressed synapses . Brain Res 1972;;46:149-157.
27 +
Kuffler D, Thompson W, Jansen JKS:  The elimination of synapses in multiply innervated rat muscle fibers of the rat: Dependence on distance between end plates . Brain Res 1977;; 138:353-358.
28 +
Selzer ME:  Regeneration of peripheral nerve , in Sumner AJ (ed): Physiology of Peripheral Nerve Disease . Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1980;, chap 12.

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