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January 1978, Vol 35, No. 1 >
Article | January 1978

The Effect of Pharmacologic Acetylcholine Receptor on Fibrillation and Myotonia in Rat Skeletal Muscle

Roger A. Brumback, MD; Tulio E. Bertorini, MD; W. King Engel, MD; John L. Trotter, MD; Katherine L. Oliver; Gregory C. Zirzow
[+] Author Affiliations

Accepted for publication Aug 16, 1977.

Reprint requests to the Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, Bldg 10, Room 10D18, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (Dr Engel).


Arch Neurol. 1978;35(1):8-10. doi:10.1001/archneur.1978.00500250012002
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• Myotonic discharges in rats given 20, 25-diazacholesterol hydrochloride and fibrillation discharges in denervated rat muscle both were silenced by procaine hydrochloride, tetrodotoxin or ischemia, or potassium chloride (after initial activation). They both were activated by succinylcholine, but only the fibrillations were silenced by α-bungarotoxin or atropine sulfate. It is hypothesized that fibrillations and diazacholesterol-induced myotonia are mediated through mechanisms involving ionic channels, that both can be produced by activation of the junctional/ nonjunctional acetylcholine receptors (or some mechanism coupled to the receptors), but that an unfettered α-bungarotoxin-binding portion of the acetylcholinereceptor molecule and an unblocked atropine-binding site are obligatory only for production of fibrillations.

REFERENCES

1 +
Hnik P, Skorpil V:  Fibrillation activity in denervated muscle , in Gutmann E (ed): The Denervated Muscle . Prague, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, 1962;, pp 135-150.
2 +
Li CL, Engel WK, Klatzo I:  Some properties of cultured chick skeletal muscle with particular reference to fibrillation potential . J Cell Comp Physiol 53:421-444, 1959;.
3 +
Denny-Brown D, Pennybacker JB:  Fibrillation and fasciculation in voluntary muscle . Brain 61:311-334, 1938;.
4 +
Denny-Brown D, Nevin S:  The phenomenon of myotonia . Brain 64:1-18, 1941;.
5 +
Bryant SH:  The electrophysiology of myotonia, with a review of congenital myotonia of goats , in Desmedt JE (ed): New Developments in Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology . Basel, Switzerland, S Karger, 1973;, pp. 420-450.
6 +
Axelsson J, Thesleff SJ:  A study of supersensitivity in denervated mammalian skeletal muscle . J Physiol 147:178-193, 1959;.
7 +
Albuquerque EX, McIsaac RJ:  Fast and slow mammalian muscles after denervation . Exp Neurol 26:183-202, 1970;.
8 +
Lapa AJ, Albuquerque EX, Daley J:  An electrophysiological study of the effects of d-tubocurarine, atropine, and alpha-bungarotoxin on the cholinergic receptor in innervated and chronically denervated mammalian skeletal muscle . Exp Neurol 43:375-398, 1974;.
9 +
Ringel SP, Bender AN, Festoff BW, et al:  Ultrastructural demonstration and analytical application of extrajunctional receptors of denervated human and rat skeletal muscle fibres . Nature 255:730-731, 1975;.
10 +
Bender AN, Ringel SP, Engel WK:  The acetylcholine receptor in normal and pathologic states: Immunoperoxidase visualization of alphabungarotoxin binding at a light and electronmiscroscopic level . Neurology 26:477-483, 1976;.
11 +
Askanas V, Engel WK, Ringel SP, et al:  Acetylcholine receptors of aneurally cultured human and animal muscle . Neurology , to be published.
12 +
Hoffmann WW, Alston W, Rowe G:  A study of individual neuromuscular junctions in myotonia . Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 21:521-537, 1966;.
13 +
Ringel SP, Bender AN, Engel WK:  Extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors . Arch Neurol 33:751-758, 1976;.
14 +
Prabhu VG, Oester YT:  Abolition by tetrodotoxin of the spontaneous fibrillation potentials of denervated skeletal muscle of rabbit: An in vivo comparative electromyographic study . Arch Int Pharmacodyn 208:255-263, 1974;.
15 +
Chiu TH, Lapa AJ, Barnard EA, et al:  Binding of d-tubocurarine and alpha-bungarotoxin in normal and denervated mouse muscles . Exp Neurol 43:399-413, 1974;.
16 +
Orndahl G:  Myotonic human musculature: Stimulation with depolarizing agents . Acta Med Scand 172:753-765, 1962;.
17 +
Brown GL, Harvey AM:  Congenital myotonia in the goat . Brain 62:341-363, 1939;.
18 +
Magladery JW, Solandt DY:  Relation of fibrillation to acetylcholine and potassium sensitivity in denervated skeletal muscle . J Neurophysiol 5:357-362, 1942;.
19 +
Moore JW, Narahashi T:  Tetrodotoxin's highly selective blockage of an ionic channel . Fed Proc 26:1655-1663, 1967;.

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1 +
Hnik P, Skorpil V:  Fibrillation activity in denervated muscle , in Gutmann E (ed): The Denervated Muscle . Prague, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, 1962;, pp 135-150.
2 +
Li CL, Engel WK, Klatzo I:  Some properties of cultured chick skeletal muscle with particular reference to fibrillation potential . J Cell Comp Physiol 53:421-444, 1959;.
3 +
Denny-Brown D, Pennybacker JB:  Fibrillation and fasciculation in voluntary muscle . Brain 61:311-334, 1938;.
4 +
Denny-Brown D, Nevin S:  The phenomenon of myotonia . Brain 64:1-18, 1941;.
5 +
Bryant SH:  The electrophysiology of myotonia, with a review of congenital myotonia of goats , in Desmedt JE (ed): New Developments in Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology . Basel, Switzerland, S Karger, 1973;, pp. 420-450.
6 +
Axelsson J, Thesleff SJ:  A study of supersensitivity in denervated mammalian skeletal muscle . J Physiol 147:178-193, 1959;.
7 +
Albuquerque EX, McIsaac RJ:  Fast and slow mammalian muscles after denervation . Exp Neurol 26:183-202, 1970;.
8 +
Lapa AJ, Albuquerque EX, Daley J:  An electrophysiological study of the effects of d-tubocurarine, atropine, and alpha-bungarotoxin on the cholinergic receptor in innervated and chronically denervated mammalian skeletal muscle . Exp Neurol 43:375-398, 1974;.
9 +
Ringel SP, Bender AN, Festoff BW, et al:  Ultrastructural demonstration and analytical application of extrajunctional receptors of denervated human and rat skeletal muscle fibres . Nature 255:730-731, 1975;.
10 +
Bender AN, Ringel SP, Engel WK:  The acetylcholine receptor in normal and pathologic states: Immunoperoxidase visualization of alphabungarotoxin binding at a light and electronmiscroscopic level . Neurology 26:477-483, 1976;.
11 +
Askanas V, Engel WK, Ringel SP, et al:  Acetylcholine receptors of aneurally cultured human and animal muscle . Neurology , to be published.
12 +
Hoffmann WW, Alston W, Rowe G:  A study of individual neuromuscular junctions in myotonia . Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 21:521-537, 1966;.
13 +
Ringel SP, Bender AN, Engel WK:  Extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors . Arch Neurol 33:751-758, 1976;.
14 +
Prabhu VG, Oester YT:  Abolition by tetrodotoxin of the spontaneous fibrillation potentials of denervated skeletal muscle of rabbit: An in vivo comparative electromyographic study . Arch Int Pharmacodyn 208:255-263, 1974;.
15 +
Chiu TH, Lapa AJ, Barnard EA, et al:  Binding of d-tubocurarine and alpha-bungarotoxin in normal and denervated mouse muscles . Exp Neurol 43:399-413, 1974;.
16 +
Orndahl G:  Myotonic human musculature: Stimulation with depolarizing agents . Acta Med Scand 172:753-765, 1962;.
17 +
Brown GL, Harvey AM:  Congenital myotonia in the goat . Brain 62:341-363, 1939;.
18 +
Magladery JW, Solandt DY:  Relation of fibrillation to acetylcholine and potassium sensitivity in denervated skeletal muscle . J Neurophysiol 5:357-362, 1942;.
19 +
Moore JW, Narahashi T:  Tetrodotoxin's highly selective blockage of an ionic channel . Fed Proc 26:1655-1663, 1967;.

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