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Feberuary 1973, Vol 28, No. 2 >
Original Contributions | Feberuary 1973

Brain Catecholamines and Their Metabolites in Parkinsonian Patients: Title and subTitle BreakTreatment With Levodopa Alone or Combined With a Decarboxylase Inhibitor

Urpo K. Rinne, MD; Vesa Sonninen, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Accepted for publication Sept 13, 1972.

Reprint requests to Department of Neurology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku 52, Finland (Dr. Rinne).


Turku, Finland

From the Department of Neurology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.


Arch Neurol. 1973;28(2):107-110. doi:10.1001/archneur.1973.00490200055007
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Analyses of autopsy samples of parkinsonian patients showed significantly decreased concentrations of dopamine and homovanillic acid (HVA) in extrapyramidal brain regions. Twelve patients treated with levodopa alone or combined with a decarboxylase inhibitor showed concentrations of dopamine and HVA which ranged from values corresponding to nontreated parkinsonian patients to levels above those in controls. Increase of concentration of HVA was relatively more marked than that of dopamine. There were no significant changes in the concentration of noradrenaline. Histological examination of brain samples showed no changes related to the treatment.

REFERENCES

1 +
Ehringer H, Hornykiewicz O:  Verteilung von Noradrenalin und Dopamine (3-Hydroxytyramin) im Gehirn des Menschen und ihr Verhalten bei Erkrankungen des extrapyramidalen Systems . Klin Wochenschr 38:1236-1239, 1960;.
2 +
Bernheimer H, Birkmayer W, Hornykiewicz O:  Verteilung des 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin) im Gehirn des Menschen und sein Verhalten bei Patienten mit Parkinson Syndrom . Klin Wochenschr 39:1056-1059, 1961;.
3 +
Bernheimer H, Birkmayer W, Hornykiewicz O:  Zur Biochemie des Parkinson-syndromes des Menschen . Klin Wochenschr 41:465-469, 1963;.
4 +
Bernheimer H, Hornykiewicz O:  Herabgesetzte Konzentration der Homovanillin-säüre im Gehirn von parkinsonkranken Menschen als Ausdruck der Störung des zentralen Dopaminstoffwechsels . Klin Wochenschr 43:711-715, 1965;.
5 +
Hornykiewicz O:  Dopamine (3-hydroxytyramine) and brain function . Pharmacol Rev 18:925-964, 1966;.
6 +
Cotzias GC, Papavasiliou PS, Gellene R:  Modification of parkinsonism: Chronic treatment with L-Dopa . N Engl J Med 280:337-345, 1969;.
7 +
Yahr MD, et al:  Treatment of parkinsonism with levodopa . Arch Neurol 21:343-354, 1969;.
8 +
Barbeau A:  L-Dopa therapy in Parkinson s disease: A critical review of nine years experience . Can Med Assoc J 101:791-800, 1969;.
9 +
Birkmayer W:  Experimentelle Ergebnisse über die Kombinations behandlung des Parkinson-Syndroms mit L-Dopa und einem Decarboxylasehemmer (Ro 4-4602) . Wien Klin Wochenschr 81:677-679, 1969;.
10 +
Siegfried J, et al:  Behandlung des Morbus Parkinson mit L-Dopa in Kombination mit einem Decarboxylasehemmer . Dtsch Med Wochenschr 94:2678-2681, 1969;.
11 +
Birkmayer W:  10 Jahre L-DOPA-Therapie des Parkinsonsyndroms . Wien Klin Wochenschr 83:221-227, 1971;.
12 +
Rinne UK, Sonninen V, Siirtola T:  L-Dopa treatment in Parkinson's disease . Eur Neurol 4:348-369, 1970;.
13 +
Rinne UK, Sonninen V, Siirtola T:  Treatment of Parkinson's disease with L-DOPA and decarboxylase inhibitor . Z Neurol 202:1-20, 1972;.
14 +
Calne DB: Parkinsonism: Physiology, Pharmacology and Treatment . London, Edward Arnold & Co, 1970;.
15 +
Carlsson A, Waldeck B:  A fluorimetric method for the determination of Dopamine (3-Hydroxytyramine) . Acta Physiol Scand 44:293-298, 1958;.
16 +
Carlsson A, Lindqvist M:  In-vivo decarboxylation of a-methyldopa and a-methylmetatyrosine . Acta Physiol Scand 54:87-94, 1962;.
17 +
Anton AH, Sayre DF:  Distribution of dopamine and DOPA in various animals and a method for their determination in diverse biological material . J Pharmacol Exp Ther 145:326-336, 1964;.
18 +
Anden NE, Roos BE, Werdinius B:  On the occurrence of homovanillic acid in brain and cerebrospinal fluid and its determination by a fluorimetric method . Life Sci 2:448-458, 1963;.
19 +
Rinne UK, Sonninen V, Hyppä M:  Effect of L-Dopa on brain monoamines and their metabolites in Parkinson's disease . Life Sci 10:549-557, 1971;.
20 +
Yahr MD:  Results of long-term administration of L-Dopa , in de Ajuriaguerra J, Gauthier G (eds): Monoamines noyaux gris centraux . Geneva, George & Cie SA, 1971;, pp 403-410.
21 +
Greer M, Collins GH, Anton AH:  Cerebral catecholamines after levodopa therapy . Arch Neurol 25:461-467, 1971;.
22 +
Rinne UK, Sonninen V:  The occurrence of Dopamine and Noradrenaline in the tuberohypophysial system . Experientia 24:177-178, 1968;.
23 +
Ganrot PO, Rosengren E, Gottfries CG:  Effect of iproniazid on monoamines and monoamine oxidase in human brain . Experientia 18:260-261, 1962;.
24 +
Fahn S, Libsch LR, Cutler RW:  Monoamines in the human neostriatum: Topographic distribution in normals and in Parkinson's disease and their role in akinesia, rigidity, chorea, and tremor . J Neurol Sci 14:427-455, 1971;.
25 +
Bartholini G, Pletscher A:  Cerebral accumulation and metabolism of "C-dopa after selective inhibition of peripheral decarboxylase . J Pharmacol Exp Ther 161:14-20, 1968;.
26 +
Calne DB, et al:  The metabolism of orally administered L-Dopa in parkinsonism . Br J Pharmacol 37:57-68, 1969;.
27 +
Cotzias GC, et al:  Dopamine analogues for studies of parkinsonism . N Engl J Med 283:1289, 1971;.
28 +
Hornykiewicz O:  Histochemistry, biochemistry and pharmacology of brain catecholamines in extrapyramidal syndromes in man , in de Ajuriaguerra J, Gauthier G (eds): Monoamines noyaux gris centraux . Geneva, Georg & Cie SA, 1971;, pp 143-157.
29 +
Hoehn MM, Yahr MD:  Parkinsonism: Onset, progression, and mortality . Neurology (Mineap) 17:427, 1967;.

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1 +
Ehringer H, Hornykiewicz O:  Verteilung von Noradrenalin und Dopamine (3-Hydroxytyramin) im Gehirn des Menschen und ihr Verhalten bei Erkrankungen des extrapyramidalen Systems . Klin Wochenschr 38:1236-1239, 1960;.
2 +
Bernheimer H, Birkmayer W, Hornykiewicz O:  Verteilung des 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin) im Gehirn des Menschen und sein Verhalten bei Patienten mit Parkinson Syndrom . Klin Wochenschr 39:1056-1059, 1961;.
3 +
Bernheimer H, Birkmayer W, Hornykiewicz O:  Zur Biochemie des Parkinson-syndromes des Menschen . Klin Wochenschr 41:465-469, 1963;.
4 +
Bernheimer H, Hornykiewicz O:  Herabgesetzte Konzentration der Homovanillin-säüre im Gehirn von parkinsonkranken Menschen als Ausdruck der Störung des zentralen Dopaminstoffwechsels . Klin Wochenschr 43:711-715, 1965;.
5 +
Hornykiewicz O:  Dopamine (3-hydroxytyramine) and brain function . Pharmacol Rev 18:925-964, 1966;.
6 +
Cotzias GC, Papavasiliou PS, Gellene R:  Modification of parkinsonism: Chronic treatment with L-Dopa . N Engl J Med 280:337-345, 1969;.
7 +
Yahr MD, et al:  Treatment of parkinsonism with levodopa . Arch Neurol 21:343-354, 1969;.
8 +
Barbeau A:  L-Dopa therapy in Parkinson s disease: A critical review of nine years experience . Can Med Assoc J 101:791-800, 1969;.
9 +
Birkmayer W:  Experimentelle Ergebnisse über die Kombinations behandlung des Parkinson-Syndroms mit L-Dopa und einem Decarboxylasehemmer (Ro 4-4602) . Wien Klin Wochenschr 81:677-679, 1969;.
10 +
Siegfried J, et al:  Behandlung des Morbus Parkinson mit L-Dopa in Kombination mit einem Decarboxylasehemmer . Dtsch Med Wochenschr 94:2678-2681, 1969;.
11 +
Birkmayer W:  10 Jahre L-DOPA-Therapie des Parkinsonsyndroms . Wien Klin Wochenschr 83:221-227, 1971;.
12 +
Rinne UK, Sonninen V, Siirtola T:  L-Dopa treatment in Parkinson's disease . Eur Neurol 4:348-369, 1970;.
13 +
Rinne UK, Sonninen V, Siirtola T:  Treatment of Parkinson's disease with L-DOPA and decarboxylase inhibitor . Z Neurol 202:1-20, 1972;.
14 +
Calne DB: Parkinsonism: Physiology, Pharmacology and Treatment . London, Edward Arnold & Co, 1970;.
15 +
Carlsson A, Waldeck B:  A fluorimetric method for the determination of Dopamine (3-Hydroxytyramine) . Acta Physiol Scand 44:293-298, 1958;.
16 +
Carlsson A, Lindqvist M:  In-vivo decarboxylation of a-methyldopa and a-methylmetatyrosine . Acta Physiol Scand 54:87-94, 1962;.
17 +
Anton AH, Sayre DF:  Distribution of dopamine and DOPA in various animals and a method for their determination in diverse biological material . J Pharmacol Exp Ther 145:326-336, 1964;.
18 +
Anden NE, Roos BE, Werdinius B:  On the occurrence of homovanillic acid in brain and cerebrospinal fluid and its determination by a fluorimetric method . Life Sci 2:448-458, 1963;.
19 +
Rinne UK, Sonninen V, Hyppä M:  Effect of L-Dopa on brain monoamines and their metabolites in Parkinson's disease . Life Sci 10:549-557, 1971;.
20 +
Yahr MD:  Results of long-term administration of L-Dopa , in de Ajuriaguerra J, Gauthier G (eds): Monoamines noyaux gris centraux . Geneva, George & Cie SA, 1971;, pp 403-410.
21 +
Greer M, Collins GH, Anton AH:  Cerebral catecholamines after levodopa therapy . Arch Neurol 25:461-467, 1971;.
22 +
Rinne UK, Sonninen V:  The occurrence of Dopamine and Noradrenaline in the tuberohypophysial system . Experientia 24:177-178, 1968;.
23 +
Ganrot PO, Rosengren E, Gottfries CG:  Effect of iproniazid on monoamines and monoamine oxidase in human brain . Experientia 18:260-261, 1962;.
24 +
Fahn S, Libsch LR, Cutler RW:  Monoamines in the human neostriatum: Topographic distribution in normals and in Parkinson's disease and their role in akinesia, rigidity, chorea, and tremor . J Neurol Sci 14:427-455, 1971;.
25 +
Bartholini G, Pletscher A:  Cerebral accumulation and metabolism of "C-dopa after selective inhibition of peripheral decarboxylase . J Pharmacol Exp Ther 161:14-20, 1968;.
26 +
Calne DB, et al:  The metabolism of orally administered L-Dopa in parkinsonism . Br J Pharmacol 37:57-68, 1969;.
27 +
Cotzias GC, et al:  Dopamine analogues for studies of parkinsonism . N Engl J Med 283:1289, 1971;.
28 +
Hornykiewicz O:  Histochemistry, biochemistry and pharmacology of brain catecholamines in extrapyramidal syndromes in man , in de Ajuriaguerra J, Gauthier G (eds): Monoamines noyaux gris centraux . Geneva, Georg & Cie SA, 1971;, pp 143-157.
29 +
Hoehn MM, Yahr MD:  Parkinsonism: Onset, progression, and mortality . Neurology (Mineap) 17:427, 1967;.

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