Objective To compare serum antiamyloid-β (Aβ) antibodies in typical and atypical Alzheimer disease (AD).
Design Preliminary observations.
Subjects Thirteen patients with AD, 8 patients with posterior cortical atrophy with evidence of AD (PCA-AD) pathophysiological process by both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and amyloid imaging, and 12 age-matched control individuals.
Interventions The class and subclass levels of serum anti-Aβ antibodies were measured using an oligomer-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. This method allowed measuring both free antibodies and, after acidic treatment, the total fraction that includes all antibodies complexed with circulating Aβ40/42 and any cross-reacting antigen.
Results Anti-Aβ IgG were restricted to the IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses. Their total levels were strikingly lower and more homogeneous in patients with PCA compared with both typical AD and controls, while biomarkers of amyloid deposition (CSF Aβ42 and positron emission tomography amyloid imaging) were similar in patients with AD and patients with PCA.
Conclusions Serum anti-Aβ IgG1 and IgG3 antibodies differ between distinct forms of AD. Its significance is discussed for possible implications as immune effectors in the specific pathophysiology of AD variants.
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Figure 1. Amyloid load is similar in patients with typical Alzheimer disease (AD) and patients with posterior cortical atrophy with AD (PCA-AD). Scatterplots show the radiolabeled carbon 11–Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB)-standard uptake value ratio global index in normal control individuals, patients with AD, and patients with PCA-AD.
Figure 2. Serum total antiamyloid-β antibodies in patients with typical Alzheimer disease (AD), and patients with atypical posterior cortical atrophy and AD (PCA-AD) and control individuals. A, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay relative optical densities (ODs) of IgM and IgG antibodies. B, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay relative ODs of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 antibodies.
Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature
Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal
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